HSBC Sees 26% Profit Drop to $15.8B Due to China and Real Estate Challenges
HSBC Holdings reports a 26% decline in profit, largely due to losses in China and deteriorating real estate conditions in Hong Kong. CEO Georges Elhedery outlines strategic shifts to navigate the tough economic landscape.
HsbcProfit DeclineChina LossesReal EstateStrategic ShiftsReal EstateJul 30, 2025
Most of this drop relates to impairment charges arising out of some long-term issues with its stake in Bank of Communications of China, and the asset quality in Hong Kong's real estate is still deteriorating.
China Exposure Triggers Major Write-Downs
The writedown of $2.1 billion marked the second multibillion-dollar hit on its BoCom investment within 18 months. This included a $1.1 billion accounting loss from share dilution after a private fundraising round. Credit losses also rose significantly, reaching $1.9 billion, up by $900 million from last year. A weak post-pandemic recovery in China and declining confidence among property buyers further eroded returns in one of HSBC’s most important regions.
China’s property sector, once seen as a pillar of regional growth, continues to slump. Developers remain under pressure. Banks with exposure, including HSBC, are now dealing with rising provisions and declining loan quality. Analysts believe this trend may persist through the year, with Hong Kong’s real estate sector showing little sign of rebound.
Strategic Shifts Amid Investor Concerns
The bank, however, is going on the offense amid the macro pullback. HSBC announced a new $3 billion share buyback program, in addition to the existing one of similar value, along with a declaration of a second interim dividend of 10 cents per share. Keeping investor confidence high is the objective as the bank grapples with the ongoing headwinds in Asia.
CEO Georges Elhedery remains focused on simplifying operations and adjusting the structure of the group. The bank is reviewing retail banking operations in Australia, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka, while the winding down of its Bangladesh operation is already underway. Corporate and institutional banking, the sturdiest wing of the group, put up a 4% increase in pretax profit, flashing signs of strength amid volatile market conditions.
HSBC shares fell 4.5% in London and more than 3% in Hong Kong following the earnings report. Although the bank benefited from higher returns in 2024, this year’s pressure from China has cast doubt over its Asia-centric strategy.
In the fourth quarter (Q4), the group still expects to report a loss of about $1.4 billion on the sale of a mortgage portfolio in France. On the other hand, shifting macroeconomic forces, ranging from trade disruptions to potentially new tariff sets, may impact HSBC profits in the quarters ahead.
As Europe’s largest lender looks for a new chairman, the spotlight remains on whether its current business model, which is heavily tied to China, can withstand prolonged disturbance.
Frequently Asked Questions
What caused HSBC's profit to drop 26% in the first half of 2025?
HSBC's profit dropped 26% to $15.8 billion due to significant impairment charges from its stake in Bank of Communications of China and deteriorating asset quality in Hong Kong's real estate sector.
How did China's property sector affect HSBC's performance?
China's property sector, facing a slump, put pressure on HSBC's returns. Developers are under stress, leading to rising provisions and declining loan quality for HSBC, which has significant exposure in the region.
What strategic measures is HSBC taking to address the challenges?
HSBC is implementing a new $3 billion share buyback program and has declared a second interim dividend of 10 cents per share. The bank is also reviewing retail banking operations in several countries and focusing on simplifying its operations.
How has the stock market reacted to HSBC's earnings report?
HSBC shares fell 4.5% in London and more than 3% in Hong Kong following the earnings report, reflecting investor concerns about the bank's Asia-centric strategy and the ongoing challenges in China.
What are the expected future challenges for HSBC?
HSBC is expected to face continued headwinds from China's property sector and broader macroeconomic forces such as trade disruptions and potential new tariffs. The bank is also looking for a new chairman, which may impact its strategic direction.
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