CBI Raids Builders and Financiers in Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Mumbai Over Homebuyer Fraud
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has conducted raids at 12 locations in Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Mumbai, following Supreme Court orders to probe into builders and financiers accused of cheating homebuyers through subvention schemes.
CbiHomebuyer FraudReal EstateSubvention SchemeSupreme CourtReal Estate MumbaiSep 27, 2025
The fresh action, which includes the seizure of documents and digital records, comes on the back of Supreme Court directions to investigate a suspected nexus between developers and lenders that allegedly exploited unsuspecting buyers through controversial home loan schemes.
Which companies are under the scanner
According to the FIRs, the companies booked include:
Bengaluru-based Ithaca Estate Pvt. Ltd, LGCL Urban Homes, and Ozone Urbana Infra Developers Pvt. Ltd
Mumbai-based Shashwati Realty Pvt. Ltd (with projects in Bengaluru) and ACME Realties Pvt. Ltd
Kolkata-based MKHS Housing LLP
The cases also name unknown officials of financial institutions who allegedly colluded with builders.
The ‘subvention scheme’ at the heart of the case
The controversy revolves around the so-called 'Subvention Scheme' of home loans, which the Supreme Court has described as an 'unholy nexus' between builders and financiers. Here’s how it worked: under the scheme, homebuyers were lured with promises that builders would pay EMIs until the property was delivered. But when developers defaulted, banks turned on the buyers, demanding repayment for incomplete or stalled projects. Thousands of buyers, many of them financially drained, moved the Supreme Court complaining of fraud and coercive recovery actions.
Supreme Court’s order to CBI
In April 2025, the apex court directed the CBI to dig deeper, ordering seven preliminary enquiries (PEs) into such practices. The agency had already registered 22 cases in the Delhi-NCR region earlier, based on six PEs, and submitted a status report to the court. With the completion of the seventh enquiry, focused on builders outside NCR, the CBI submitted its findings to the court. On reviewing the report, the Supreme Court directed the agency to register six regular cases against builders in Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Mumbai.
Raids in compliance with SC orders
A CBI spokesperson said the fresh FIRs and raids are in strict compliance with the Supreme Court’s directions. “Searches are still in progress. Various incriminating documents and some digital electronic evidence have been seized during searches,” the spokesperson told PTI. The move signals a widening crackdown that could rope in more developers and financiers across states, as the CBI expands its probe into home loan scams that have shaken buyer confidence in India’s real estate sector.
The ongoing investigations and raids by the CBI are expected to bring more transparency and accountability to the real estate sector, ensuring that homebuyers are protected from fraudulent practices. This action is a significant step towards restoring trust in the housing market and ensuring fair practices in the industry.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the 'subvention scheme' in the real estate sector?
The 'subvention scheme' is a home loan practice where builders agree to pay the Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs) on behalf of the homebuyers until the property is delivered. However, when developers default, banks turn to the buyers, demanding repayment for incomplete or stalled projects.
Which cities were raided by the CBI?
The CBI conducted raids in Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Mumbai, targeting 12 locations in total.
What companies are under investigation?
The companies under investigation include Bengaluru-based Ithaca Estate Pvt. Ltd, LGCL Urban Homes, and Ozone Urbana Infra Developers Pvt. Ltd; Mumbai-based Shashwati Realty Pvt. Ltd and ACME Realties Pvt. Ltd; and Kolkata-based MKHS Housing LLP.
What did the Supreme Court direct the CBI to do?
The Supreme Court directed the CBI to investigate the suspected nexus between developers and lenders and to register cases against those involved in cheating homebuyers through subvention schemes.
What is the impact of these raids on the real estate sector?
The raids and investigations are expected to bring more transparency and accountability to the real estate sector, ensuring that homebuyers are protected from fraudulent practices and restoring trust in the housing market.
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