Delhi–Mumbai Route Embraces Kavach 4.0: Indian Railways' Leap in Safety and Efficiency
Indian Railways has successfully deployed the advanced Kavach 4.0 system on the Mathura-Kota section of the Delhi-Mumbai corridor, marking a significant step in enhancing railway safety and operational efficiency.
Indian RailwaysKavach 40Automatic Train ProtectionDelhimumbaiRailway SafetyReal Estate MumbaiAug 03, 2025
The deployment of Kavach is a multi-faceted and technology-intensive undertaking, drawing parallels to establishing a new telecom network. The system’s architecture includes radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags installed along the tracks, telecom towers with optical fibre connectivity, and integrated systems on locomotives and at stations. These components communicate in real-time to provide continuous supervision of train movements, a feature that is particularly crucial for a network as dense and vast as India’s. This strategic approach ensures seamless and secure train operations while also making the system future-proof for further technological advancements.
From a sustainability perspective, the deployment of Kavach aligns with the broader goal of creating more eco-friendly and resilient infrastructure. By reducing the risk of accidents, the system minimises the environmental impact of potential derailments and other incidents. Moreover, by allowing trains to operate at optimal speeds with greater safety, it contributes to better energy efficiency and a reduced carbon footprint per passenger-kilometre. The indigenously developed nature of the technology also promotes self-reliance and supports local manufacturing ecosystems, contributing to a more sustainable and equitable economic model for the nation.
The financial commitment to the project is substantial, reflecting its national importance. As of June 2025, a total of ₹2,015 crore has been spent on Kavach works, with a further allocation of ₹1,673.19 crore for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The cost to equip track-side and station infrastructure is approximately ₹50 lakh per kilometre, while outfitting each locomotive costs around ₹80 lakh. This investment, while considerable, is a testament to the government’s unwavering focus on passenger safety and its long-term vision for a modern, world-class railway network that serves the needs of a growing population. The project is an example of how technological innovation can be leveraged to create safer, more efficient, and sustainable public services for all.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Kavach 4.0?
Kavach 4.0 is an advanced Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system developed indigenously by Indian Railways. It is designed to prevent train collisions and over-speeding by automatically applying brakes, enhancing safety and operational efficiency.
Where has Kavach 4.0 been deployed?
Kavach 4.0 has been deployed on the Mathura-Kota section of the high-density Delhi-Mumbai railway corridor.
What are the key components of the Kavach system?
The Kavach system includes radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags along the tracks, telecom towers with optical fibre connectivity, and integrated systems on locomotives and at stations. These components communicate in real-time to supervise train movements.
How does Kavach contribute to sustainability?
Kavach reduces the risk of accidents, minimises environmental impact, and allows trains to operate at optimal speeds with greater safety, contributing to better energy efficiency and a reduced carbon footprint.
What is the financial investment in the Kavach project?
As of June 2025, ₹2,015 crore has been spent on Kavach works, with a further allocation of ₹1,673.19 crore for the 2025-26 fiscal year. The cost to equip track-side and station infrastructure is approximately ₹50 lakh per kilometre, and each locomotive costs around ₹80 lakh to outfit.
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